SINEs and LINEs on Chromosomes

In situ hybridization of SINE and LINE elements to Brassica and Beet

locations of SINE (top) and LINE (bottom) retroelements along chromosomes by in situ hybridization to DAPI-stained (light blue) chromosomes of (top) Brassica napus and (bottom) Beta vulgaris chromosomes. Top: The S1 SINE element (Goubely et al. 1999, not Goubley) is dispersed over the genome of oil seed rape (canola), and is seen as diffuse red hybridization signal with some concentrations near the sites of 45S rDNA genes (yellow-green hybridization signal). Picture: C Goubely, J-M Deragon, G Harrison & JS Heslop-Harrison Bottom: A LINE element from sugar beet is present on all chromosomes of the genome, with concentrations at multiple sites along each chromosome (green spots along chromosome arms; Schmidt et al. 1995; Kubis et al. 1995). It shows much less diffuse hybridization than copia group retrotransposons (Schmidt et al. 1995). Picture: T. Schmidt, S Kubis and JS Heslop-Harrison Goubely C, Arnaud P, Tatout C, Heslop-Harrison JS, Deragon J-M. 1999. S1 SINE retroelements are methylated at symmetrical and non-symmetrical positions in Brassica napus: identification of a preferred target site for asymmetrical methylation. Plant Mol. Biol. 39: 243-255. Schmidt T, Kubis S, Heslop-Harrison JS. 1995. Analysis and chromosomal localization of retrotransposons in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.): LINEs and Ty1-copia-like elements as major components of the genome. Chromosome Res. 3: 335-345.

Kubis SE, Heslop-Harrison JS, Desel C, Schmidt T. 1998. The genomic organization of non-LTR retrotransposons (LINEs) from three Beta species and five other angiosperms. Plant Mol. Biol. 36: 821-831.