0010

Acid Dissociation Constants: Weak Acids: Debye-Huckel Limiting Law

0020

Acquisitive Convention

0030

Activity: Solutions and Liquid Mixtures

0040

Activity of Aqueous Solutions

0050

Activity of Solvents

0060

Activity of Solvents: Classic Analysis

0070

Activity of Water: Foods.

0080

Activity of Water: One Solute

0090

Activity of Water: Two Solutes

0100

Activity Coefficients: Two Solutes: Trace Solute

0110

Activity Coefficients

0120

Activity Coefficients: Salt Solutions: Ion-Ion Interactions

0125

Activity of Water: Salt Solutions

0130

Adiabatic

0140

Adsorption: Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm: One Adsorbate

0150

Adsorption Isotherm: Two Adsorbates

0160

Affinity for Spontaneous Chemical Reaction

0170

Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction: Chemical Potentials

0180

Affinity: Phase Equilibria

0190

Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction: General Differential

0200

Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction: Dependence on Temperature

0210

Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction: Dependence on Pressure

0220

Affinity for Spontaneous Reaction: Stability

0230

Affinity for Spontaneous Chemical Reaction: Law of Mass Action

0240

Affinity for Spontaneous Chemical Reaction: Isochoric: Condition and Controversy

0250

Apparent Molar Properties: Solutions: Background

0260

Apparent Molar Properties: Solutions: General

0270

Axioms

0280

Boundary

0290

Calculus

0300

Calorimeter: Isobaric

0310

Calorimeter: Isobaric: General Operation

0320

Calorimetry: Solutions: Isobaric

0330

Calorimetry: Solutions: Adiabatic

0340

Calorimetry: Solutions: Heat Flow

0350

Calorimetry: Titration Microcalorimetry:

0360

Calorimeter: Titration Microcalorimetry: Enzyme-Substrate Interaction

0370

Calorimeter: Titration Microcalorimetry: Micelle Deaggregation

0380

Calorimetry: Scanning

0390

Calorimetry: Solutions: Flow Microcalorimetry

0400

Chemical Equilibria: Solutions

0410

Chemical Equilibria: Solutions: Derived Thermodynamic Parameters

0420

Chemical Equilibria: Solutions: Simple Solutes

0430

Chemical Equilibria: Solutions: Ion Association

0440

Chemical Equilibria: Solutions: Sparingly Soluble Salts

0450

Chemical Equilibria: Solutions: Cratic and Unitary Quantities

0460

Chemical Equilibria: Composition: Temperature and Pressure dependence

0470

Chemical Equilibrium Constants: Dependence on Temperature at Fixed Pressure

0480

Chemical Equilibrium Constants: Dependence on Pressure at Fixed Temperature

0485

Chemical Potentials, Composition and the Gas Constant

0490

Chemical Potentials: Gases

0500

Chemical Potentials: Solutions: General Properties

0510

Chemical Potentials: Solutions: Composition

0520

Chemical Potentials: Solutions: Partial Molar Properties

0530

Chemical Potentials: Liquid Mixtures: Raoult’s Law

0540

Chemical Potentials: Solutions: Raoult’s Law

0550

Chemical Potentials: Solutions: Osmotic Coefficient

0560

Chemical Potentials: Excess: Solutions

0570

Chemical Potentials: Solutions: Henry’s Law

0580

Chemical Potentials: Solutes

0590

Chemical Potentials: Solute: Molality Scale

0600

Chemical Potentials: Solute: Mole Fractions

0610

Chemical Potentials: Solute: Concentration Scale

0620

Chemical Potentials: Solute: Concentration and Molality Scales

0630

Chemical Potentials: Solute: Molality and Mole Fraction Scales

0640

Chemical Potentials: Solutions: Salts

0650

Chemical Potentials: Salt Solutions: 1:1 Salts

0660

Chemical Potentials: Solutions: Salt Hydrates in Aqueous Solution

0670

Chemical Potentials: Salt Solutions: Ion –Ion Interactions

0680

Chemical Potentials: Salt Solutions: Debye-Huckel Equation

0690

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation.

0700

Closed Systems

0710

Cohesive Energy Density

0720

Composition: Mole Fraction: Molality: Concentration

0730

Composition: Scale Conversion

0740

Composition: Scale Conversion: Solvent Mixtures

0750

Compressions and Expansions: Liquids

0760

Compressibilities (Isothermal) and Chemical Potentials of Liquids

0770

Compressions: Isentropic: Solutions: General Comments

0780

Compressibilities: Isentropic: Related Properties

0790

Compressions: Isentropic: Solutions: Partial and Apparent Molar

0800

Compressions: Isentropic: Neutral Solutes

0810

Compressions: Isentropic: Salt Solutions

0820

Compressions: Isentropic: Aqueous Solutions

0830

Compressions: Solutions: Isentropic: Newton-Laplace Equation

0840

Compressions: Desnoyers-Phillip Equation

0850

Compressions: Isentropic: Apparent Molar Volumes

0860

Compressions: Isentropic: Binary Liquid Mixtures

0870

Compressions: Isothermal: Equilibrium and Frozen

0880

Compressions: Ratio: Isentropic and Isothermal

0890

Compressions: Ratio: Isentropic and Isothermal Solutions: Limiting Estimates

0900

Compressions: Isentropic and Isothermal: Apparent Molar Volume

0910

Compressions: Isothermal: Solutes: Partial Molar Compressions

0920

Compressions: Isothermal: Apparent Molar Compression

0930

Compression: Isothermal: Solutions: Apparent Molar: Determination

0940

Compressions: Isothermal: Salt Solutions

0950

Compression: Isothermal: Binary Aqueous Mixtures

0960

Compressions: Isothermal: Liquid Mixtures: Binary: Compressibilities

0965

Condensed Films: Aqueous Systems

0970

Degree of Dissociation

0980

Description of Systems

0982

Donnan Membrane Equilibria

0985

Electrical Conductivities of Salt Solutions: Dependence on Composition

0990

Electrical Units

0991

Electrochemical Units

0995

Energy and Entropy

1000

Energy and the First Law of Thermodynamics

1010

Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies

1020

Enthalpy

1030

Enthalpy: Thermodynamic Potential

1040

Enthalpies: Solutions: Partial Molar Enthalpies

1050

Enthalpies: Solutions: Equilibrium and Frozen Partial Molar Enthalpies

1060

Enthalpies: Neutral Solutes

1070

Enthalpies: Solution: Dilution: Simple Solutes

1080

Enthalpies: Solutions: Simple Solutes: Interaction Parameters

1090

Enthalpies: Salt Solutions: Apparent Molar: Partial Molar and Relative Enthalpies

1100

Enthalpy of Solution: Salts

1110

Enthalpies: Salt Solutions: Dilution

1120

Enthalpies: Born-Bjerrum Equation: Salt Solutions

1130

Enthalpies: Liquid Mixtures

1140

Entropy: The Second Law of Thermodynamics

1150

Entropy: Dependence on Temperature and Pressure

1160

Entropy and Spontaneous Reaction

1170

Entropy: Dependence on Temperature

1180

Entropies: Solutions: Limiting Partial Molar Entropies

1190

Entropies: Liquid Mixtures

1200

Enzyme-Substrate Interaction

1210

Equation of State: General Thermodynamics

1220

Equation of State: Perfect Gas

1222

Equation of State: Real Gases: van der Waals and other Equations

1225

Equilibrium and Frozen Properties

1230

Equilibrium: Isochoric and Isobaric Parameters

1240

Equilibrium: Solid-Liquid

1250

Equilibrium: Liquid –Solid: Schroeder- van Laar Equation

1260

Equilibrium: Eutectics

1270

Equilibrium: Depression of Freezing Point of a Solvent by a Solute

1280

Equilibrium: Liquid –Solid: Hildebrand Rules

1290

Euler’s Theorem

1300

‘Excess’ Thermodynamic Properties

1310

Excess Thermodynamic Properties: Liquid Mixtures

1320

Excess Thermodynamic Properties: Aqueous Solutions

1340

Expansions: Isobaric and Isentropic

1350

Expansions and Expansivities: Solutions

1360

Expansions: Isobaric: Equilibrium and Frozen

1370

Expansibilities: Isobaric and Isentropic

1380

Expansions: Partial Molar: Isobaric and Isentropic

1390

Expansions: Solutions: Isobaric: Partial and Apparent Molar

1400

Expansions: Apparent Molar Isobaric: Composition Dependence

1410

Expansions: Solutions: Apparent Molar Isobaric: Determination

1420

Expansions: Isobaric: Apparent Molar: Neutral Solutes

1430

Expansions: Isobaric: Salt Solutions: Apparent Molar

1440

Expansions: Isobaric: Binary Liquid Mixtures

1450

Expansions: Isobaric: Binary Liquid Mixtures

1460

Expansions: Isentropic: Solutions

1470

Expansions: Solutions: Apparent Molar Isentropic and Isobaric

1480

Expansions: Isentropic: Solutions: Apparent and Partial Molar

1490

Expansions: Solutions: Isentropic Dependence of Apparent Molar Volume on Temperature and Pressure

1500

Expansions: Solutions: Isentropic Dependence of Partial Molar Volume on Temperature

1510

Expansions: Isentropic: Liquid Mixtures

1520

Expansions: Solutions: Partial Molar Isentropic and Isobaric

1530

Expansions and Compressions: Solutions: Isentropic Dependence of Volume on Temperature and Pressure

1540

Expansions: The Difference,

1550

Expansions: Equations Relating to

1560

Extensive and Intensive Variables

1570

Extent of Reaction

1580

Extent of Reaction: General

1590

Extent of Reaction: Chemical Equilibrium: Dependence of Composition on Temperature and Pressure: Laws of Moderation

1600

Extrathermodynamics: Background

1610

Extrathermodynamics: Equilibrium: Acid Strength

1620

Extrathermodynamics: Solvent Polarity

1630

Extrathermodynamics: Solvent Effects in Chemical Kinetics

1640

First Law of Thermodynamics

1650

Functions of state: one chemical substance

1660

Gibbs - Duhem Equation

1670

Gibbs-Duhem Equation: Salt Solutions: Osmotic and Activity Coeficients

1680

Gibbs-Duhem Equation: Solvent and Solute: Aqueous Solutions

1685

Gibbs-Duhem Equation: Aqueous Salt Solutions: Salt and Solvent: Debye-Huckel Limiting Law

1690

Gibbs Energy

1700

Gibbs Energy: Thermodynamic Potential

1706

Gibbs Energies: Solutions: Solvent and Solute

1710

Gibbs Energies: Equilibrium and Spontaneous Change

1720

Gibbs Energies: Raoult’s Law

1730

Gibbs Energies: Solutions: Pairwise Solute Interaction Parameters

1740

Gibbs Energies Solutions Parameters f and ln(gj)

1755

Gibbs Energies: solutions: solute-solute interactions

1759

Gibbs Energies: solutes: cospheres

1760

Gibbs Energies: Solutions: Cosphere – Cosphere Interactions

1770

Gibbs Energies: Solutions: Solute – Solute Interactions: Pairwise

1780

Gibbs Energies: Solutions: Two Neutral Solutes

1800

Gibbs Energies: Solutions: Hydrates in Aqueous Solution

1805

Gibbs Energies: salt hydrates

1810

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Electric Neutrality

1820

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Born Equation

1830

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Lattice Models

1850

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Debye Huckel Equations

1860

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: DHLL

1870

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: DHLL: Derived Parameters

1890

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: DHLL: Empirical Modifications

1900

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Solvent

1910

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Excess Gibbs energies

1920

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Pitzer’s Equations

1930

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Cosphere –Cosphere Interactions

1940

Gibbs Energies: Binary Liquid Mixtures

1950

Gibbs Energies: Binary Liquid Mixtures: General Properties

1960

Gibbs Energies: Binary Liquid Mixtures: Thermodynamic Patterns

1970

Gibbs Energies: Binary Liquid Mixtures: Excess Thermodynamic Variables

1980

Gibbs Energies: general equations

1990

Gibbs Energies: Liquid Mixtures: Ideal

2000

Gibbs Energies: Liquid Mixtures: Typically Aqueous

2010

Gibbs Energies: Liquid Mixtures: Typically Non-Aqueous Positive

2020

Gibbs Energies: Liquid Mixtures: Typically Non-Aqueous Negative

2030

Gibbs Energies: Liquid Mixtures: Immiscibility

2040

Gibbs - Helmholtz Equation

2050

Guggenheim-Scatchard Equation: Redlich-Kister Equation

2060

Gibbs Energies: Salt Solutions: Aqueous Mixtures

2070

Legendre Transformations

2080

Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Solutions

2090

Heat Capacities: Isobaric Partial Molar: Ideal Solutions

2100

Heat Capacities: Isobaric and Isochoric

2110

Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Equilibrium and Frozen

2120

Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Solutions: Excess

2130

Heat Capacities: Isobaric Dependence on Temperature

2140

Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Neutral Solutes

2150

Heat Capacities: Solutions: Solutes: Interaction Parameters

2160

Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Solutions: Unit Volume

2170

Heat Capacities: Isobaric: Salt Solutions

2180

Heat Capacities: Isochoric: Liquid Mixtures: Ideal

2190

Heat , Work and Energy

2200

Helmholtz Energy

2220

Hildebrand Solubility Parameter

2240

Infinite Dilution

2250

Internal Pressure

2260

Internal Pressure: Liquid Mixtures: Excess Property

2270

Ion Association

2275

Ionic Mobilities: Aqueous Solutions

2280

Ionic Strength: Ional Concentration

2290

Ion-Water Interactions

2310

Irreversible Thermodynamics

2315

Irreversible Thermodynamics: Onsager Phenomenological Equations

2320

Isentropic

2330

Isentropic Thermal Pressure Coefficient

2340

Iso-Variables

2350

Isochoric Properties

2360

Isochoric Thermal Pressure Coefficient

2370

Isotonic Method: Isopiestic Method

2400

Isopiestic Solutions: Salt Aqueous

2405

Joule-Thomson Coefficient

2410

Kinetic Salt Effects

2420

Laws of Thermodynamics

2430

Lewisian Variables

2440

Liquid Mixtures: Regular Mixtures

2450

Liquid Mixtures: General Equations

2460

Liquid Mixtures: Series Functions for Activity Coefficients

2470

Liquid Mixtures: Binary: Less Common Properties

2480

Liquid Mixtures: Binary: Pseudo-Excess Properties

2490

L’Hospitals Rules

2500

Master Equation

2510

Maxwell Equations

2520

Moderation

2530

Molality and Mole Fraction

2540

Newton-Laplace Equation

2550

Open Systems

2560

Osmotic Coefficient

2570

Osmotic Pressure

2580

Partial Molar Properties; General

2585

Partial Molar Properties: Definition

2587

Perfect and Real Gases

2588

Perfect Gas: The Gas Constant

2590

Phase Rule

2595

Poynting Relations

2600

Process

2610

Properties: Equilibrium and Frozen

2615

Real Gases: Liquefaction of Gases

2620

Reversible Change

2630

Reversible Chemical Reactions

2640

Salting-In: Salting-out

2650

Second Law of Thermodynamics

2660

Solubility Products

2670

Solubilities of Gases in Liquids

2680

Solubilities of Solids in Liquids

2700

Solutions: Inter-solute Distances

2710

Solutions: Solute and Solvent

2720

Spontaneous Change: Isothermal and Isobaric

2730

Spontaneous Chemical Reaction

2740

Standard States: Reference States: Processes

2750

Surface Phase: Planar Fluid Surface

2760

Surface Phase: Gibbs Adsorption Isotherm

2770

Surfactants and Micelles

2780

Surfactants and Micelles: Non-Ionics

2790

Surfactants and Micelles: Ionics

2800

Surfactants and Micelles: Mixed

2810

Surroundings and System

2820

Temperature of Maximum Density, TMD: water

2830

Thermodynamics and Mathematics

2840

Thermodynamic Energy

2850

Thermodynamic Energy Potential Function

2860

Thermodynamic Potentials

2870

Thermodynamic Stability: Chemical Equilibria

2880

Thermal Stability: Thermal, Diffusion and Hydrostatic

2890

Thermodynamics and Kinetics

2900

Third Law of Thermodynamics

2910

Vaporisation

2915a

Time and Thermodynamics (Timenote)

2915

Variables: Independent and Dependent

2925

Variables: Gibbsian and Non-Gibbsian

2930

Viscosities: Salt Solutions

2940

Volume: Partial Molar: General Analysis

2945

Volumes: Components

2950

Volume: Partial and Apparent Molar

2960

Volume: Partial Molar: Frozen and Equilibrium

2970

Volumes: Solutions: Apparent Molar Volume Determination

2980

Volumes: Solutions Apparent Molar and Excess

2990

Volumes: Neutral Solutes Limiting Partial Molar Volumes

3000

Volume and Density

3010

Volumes: Apparent Molar Volumes: Solutions: Infinite Dilution

3020

Volume: Extent of Reaction

3030

Volumes: Solutions: Neutral Solutes

3040

Volumes: Solutions: Interaction Parameters

3050

Volumes: Solutions: Pairwise Interaction Parameters

3060

Volumes: Apparent Molar Volumes: Hoiland’s method

3070

Volumes: Solutions: Neutral Solutes: Chemical Potentials and Volumetric Properties

3080

Volume: Partial Molar Volume: Isentropic Dependence on Temperature.

3090

Volume: Apparent Molar Volume: Isentropic Dependence on Temperature

3100

Volume: Solutions: Isentropic Dependence on Temperature and Pressure

3110

Volumes: Salt Solutions

3120

Volumes: Salt Solutions: Limiting Partial Molar Volumes

3130

Volumes: Salt Solutions: Born-Drude-Nernst Equation

3140

Volumes: Liquid Mixtures

3150

Volumes: Aqueous Binary Liquid Mixtures

3160

Volumes: Liquid Mixtures: Binary: Method of Tangents

3170

Volume of Reaction: Dependence on Pressure

3180

Water

3190

Water: Molar Volume

3200

Water: Hydrogen Ions

3210

Water: Relative Permittivity

3220

Water: Self-Dissociation

3230

Water: Viscosity

3240

Work